If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer atoms, and Z represents lone…
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Question “If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer atoms, and Z represents lone…”
If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer
atoms, and Z represents lone pairs on the
central atom, the structure Y—X—Y (2 lone pairs around
X)
could be abbreviated as XY2Z2.
Classify these structures according to their shape.
Molecular
Geometries:
linear
bent 120
bent 109
trigonal pyramidal
T-shaped
see saw
square planar
square pyramidal
Possiblities:
XY4Z2
XY5Z
XY2Z
XY2Z3
XY4Z
XY2Z2
XY3Z2
XY3Z
Answer
Based on the number and location of lone pairs on the central atom, the Valence shell electron pair repel model predicts the shape of molecules and of ions.
These are the main postulates of VSEPR Model:
(i) The electron-eletron repulsions in the valence layer of the central atom determine the shape of the molecule.
(iii) The repulsive interaction between electron pairs is in the following order.
![If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer atoms, and Z represents lone...](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=19cBgaj3-sNqRwLtRo6RgtgBqOYhOgsTr&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
(iii). If the central atom forms multiple bond, the order in which electron-electron repels between them will be as follows:
![If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer atoms, and Z represents lone...](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=1q7HxEAjv_hpbihZohlALiQ-dmUwqN74G&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
The number of bond pairs and single pairs of electrons can determine the geometry of a molecule.
![S.No Number of bond pairs Number of lone pairs
Geometry
Linear
Trigonal planar
bent
Tetrahedral
Trigonal pyramidal
bent
Trigo](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=1reGQ7rPbLbqhiClTbQunOb8kHb2_aXdZ&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
These are the numbers of other atoms, and the number lone pairs electrons in each possibility:
![Possibility Number of other atoms Number of lone pairs
XYZ
XYZ
XYZ
XY,Z
7aa7 am
XYZ
XY,Z2
XY,22
XY,Z](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=1uLNBbwBvai-H77uw_iB8YbA-O7_6QRv1&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
These are the geometries for the molecules:
![Number of other atoms Number of lone pairs
Possibility
XY.Z2
XYZ
XY,Z
XY,z
XY,Z
XY,Z2
XY,ZZ
XY,Z
Geometry
Square planar
Squar](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=1c71j_RwpGS5yLeJcebsNXVNEjx7jnF8O&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
Ans:
These are the geometries for the molecules:
![Number of other atoms Number of lone pairs
Possibility
XY.Z2
XYZ
XY,Z
XY,z
XY,Z
XY,Z2
XY,ZZ
XY,Z
Geometry
Square planar
Squar](https://drive.google.com/uc?id=1c71j_RwpGS5yLeJcebsNXVNEjx7jnF8O&export=download/If-the-symbol-X-represents-a-central-atom,-Y-represents-outer-atoms,-and-Z-represents-lone.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_560/format,webp)
Conclusion
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