What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of diamond to graphite at 298 K? Cdiamond?Cgraphite Exp…
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Question “What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of diamond to graphite at 298 K? Cdiamond?Cgraphite Exp…”
What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of
diamond to graphite at 298 K?
Cdiamond?Cgraphite
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the
appropriate units.
Gibbs free energy is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical
reaction. It is the chemical potential for a reaction, which is
minimized at equilibrium. It is defined as
G=H?TS
Elemental carbon usually exists in one of two forms: graphite or
diamond. It is generally believed that diamonds last forever. Here
are the standard enthalpy of formation (?H?f) and the
standard molar entropy (S?) values for diamond and
graphite.
Substance | ?H?f (kJ/mol) | S? (J/mol?K) |
Cgraphite | 0 | 5.740 |
Cdiamond | 1.897 | 2.38 |
Answer
* Gibbs-free energy can be explained using the parameters temperature, entropy, and enthalpy.
* Gibbs energy can be described as the difference in enthalpy and the product of temperature, entropy.
* Gibbs energy can be described as a state function because it is dependent only on the initial and final states.
Gibbs energy is a Gibbs-free calculation. Three parameters are used in Gibbs energy calculation: Temperature, Entropy, and Enthalpy.
Gibbs-free energy is a state function. Therefore, Gibbs-free energy can be changed as follows.
Below are the enthalpy- and entropy values of this transformation reaction.
Substance | Enthalpy (kJ/mol). | Entropy (J/mol K) |
C graphite | 0 | 5.740 |
C diamond | 1.897 | 2.38 |
The enthalpies for the given transformation are different depending on the reactants and products.
This transformation reaction:
Now,
The entropy calculations for the given transformation are different depending on the entropies between products and reactants.
This transformation reaction:
values are given below for the specified transformation.
At 298K, transformation occurs. The change in free energy then is as follows.
is therefore the standard Gibbs-free energy for this transformation.
Ans:
The standard Gibbs energy for the given transformation,
is
Conclusion
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